ࡱ> 8:7 #bjbj 4.# ,,,,T,4wwwkmmmmmm$ wwwww   w^k wk    Ae W0 zBz z Lww wwwwwwwwwwwwzwwwwwwwww : Limiting Reactant- Theoretical and Percentage Yields Key 1. 4 KO2 (s) + 2 H2O (l) ( 4 KOH (aq) + 3 O2 (g) If a reaction vessel contains 0.15 mol KO2 and 0.10 mol H2O, what is the limiting reactant? How many moles of oxygen can be produced? 0.15 mol KO2 x 3 mol O2 = 0.11 mol O2 4 mol KO2 0.10 mol H2O x 3 mol O2 = 0.15 mol O2 2 mol H2O Limiting reactant: KO2 Maximum or theoretical yield = 0.11 mol O2 2. 2 NaCl (aq) + H2SO4 (aq) ( Na2SO4 (aq) + 2 HCl (aq) If a reaction vessel contains 10.0 g of sodium chloride and 12.0 g of sulfuric acid, what is the limiting reactant? What is the theoretical yield of hydrochloric acid? How many grams of excess reactant are left unconsumed? 2NaCl + H2SO4 (2 HCl + Na2SO4 10.0 g NaCl x 1 mol NaCl x 2 mol HCl x 36.46 g HCl = 6.24 g HCl 58.44 g NaCl 2 molNaCl 1 mol HCl 12.0 g H2SO4 x 1 mol H2SO4 x 2 mol HCl x 36.46 g HCl = 8.92 g HCl 98.08 g H2SO4 1 molH2SO4 1 mol HCl Limiting reactant: NaCl Maximum or theoretical yield = 6.24 g HCl 10.0 g NaCl x 1 mol NaCl x 1 mol H2SO4 x 98.08 g H2SO4 = 8.39 g H2SO4 required to consume all 58.44 g NaCl 2 molNaCl 1 mol H2SO4 of the NaCl (Limiting reactant) 12.0 g H2SO4 - 8.39 g H2SO4 = 3.61 g of excess H2SO4 remains after reaction is complete 3. 3 TiO2 (s) + 4 C (s) + 6 Cl2 (g) ( 3 TiCl4 (s) + 2 CO2 (g) + 2 CO (g) A vessel contains 4.15 g TiO2, 5.67g C, 6.78 g Cl2, what is the limiting reactant and the theoretical yield of titanium tetrachloride? 4.15 g TiO2 x 1mol TiO2 x 3 mol TiCl4 x 189.68 g TiCl4 = 9.85 g TiCl4 79.88 g TiO2 3 mol TiO2 1 mol TiCl4 5.67g C x 1mol C x 3 mol TiCl4 x 189.68 g TiCl4 = 67.2 g TiCl4 12.01 g C 4 mol C 1 mol TiCl4 6.78 g Cl2 x 1mol Cl x 3 mol TiCl4 x 189.68 g TiCl4 = 9.07 g TiCl4 70.90 g Cl 6 mol Cl 1 mol TiCl4 Limiting reactant: Cl2 Maximum or theoretical yield = 9.07 g TiCl4 4. C7H6O3 + C4H6O3 ( C9H8O4 + C2H4O2 What is the theoretical yield (in grams) of aspirin, C9H8O4, when 2.00 g of C7H6O3 is heated with 4.00 g of C4H6O3? If the actual yield of aspirin is 2.21g, what is the percentage yield? 2.00 g C7H6O3 x 1mol C7H6O3 x 1 mol C9H8O4 x 180.15 g C9H8O4 = 2.61 g C9H8O4 138.12g C7H6O3 1 mol C7H6O3 1 mol C9H8O4 4.00 g C4H6O3 x 1mol C4H6O3 x 1 mol C9H8O4 x 180.15 g C9H8O4 = 7.06 g C9H8O4 102.09 g C4H6O3 1 mol C4H6O3 1 mol C9H8O4 Percent yield aspirin = 2.21 g C9H8O4 x 100 = 84.7 % yield aspirin 2.61 g C9H8O4 48:;CDHNOPTUV\aghlmno          ! . / 0 1 2 < = > @ B I J M N Y Z [ h i j k l m n ¸ѱ¸֫ h}yaJ h}yhInh}yh}y>*H*h}yh}y>* h}yh}y h}yH*h}y h hIn jhIn h H* hInH* hInaJh5hInC9;mo 0 2 [ k m 9 y { M gduUGgd}ygdIngdIn   нh}yhuUG>*huUGhuUG>* jh}yhuUGh}yH*h}yh}yH* h hIn jhIn hInH* h H*h  h_iWh}yhIn hInaJ h}yH*h}y h}yaJ h}yh}y8     * 8 9 R _ a k x z { |   ! # + B ⬢⅓ huUGaJ huUGH*huUGhuUGaJ h}yhuUGh}yhuUG>*huUGhuUG>*H*huUGhuUG>*huUGhuUGH*h}yhuUGH* hInaJhIn huUGhuUGh}yhuUGhInaJhuUG huUG>* h}yh}y h}y>*h}yh}y>*2B L N ] g h l s t v w y z { }    % & V W _ ` b c e n o q r u չչ h_iWH*huUGh_iWH*h}yh_iWH* h_iWh_iWhuUGhuUGaJh_iWhuUGhuUGH*h}yhuUGH* huUG>* h}yhuUG huUGhuUGhuUGhuUG>*H*h}yhuUG>*huUGhuUG>* huUGaJhuUG8M N ' M W '(kgd_iWgduUGgdIn    *+?@μ޶޶޶޲򲪠벪 h_iW>* h_iW>*H*h_iWh_iW>*H*h_iWh_iW>*h_iW hInaJ h hIn jhInh  h H* hInH* h_iWaJhInh_iWhuUGaJ h_iWh_iW h_iWH*huUGh_iWH*7!%&'()4:<>?IJMZ[\]ijk*04567JLMO h5H*h5h_iWh_iW>*aJh_iWh_iW>*H* h_iW>*h_iWh_iW>* hInaJ h_iWh_iW h_iWH*hInh_iWh_iWhIn>*aJFk67{}jlm  `#gd5gdIngd_iWOWntuyz{|} !ijklmuvwxy{~h5h5>*h_iWh5>* jhInhR~ hInH*hIn hInaJ h5H* h_iWh5h5 h_iWaJ h}yh_iWF     %&'()*+ý hInaJhInh_iWh5>*aJ h5H*h_iWh5>*h5 h_iWh5 h5>*55>*55>**+,./056789:;<?ABCEHIJKLMNOPZ[\]^_` !"ջ h5hIn h5h5hInh_iWh5>*aJ h5H*h5h5>*H*h5h5>*h_iWh5>*h5 h_iWh5 h5>*F"#h@ 21h:p1Z/ =!"#$% ^ 2 0@P`p2( 0@P`p 0@P`p 0@P`p 0@P`p 0@P`p 0@P`p8XV~_HmH nH sH tH @`@ InNormalCJ_HaJmH sH tH B@B In Heading 2$$@&a$5aJDA D Default Paragraph FontRiR  Table Normal4 l4a (k (No List PK![Content_Types].xmlN0EH-J@%ǎǢ|ș$زULTB l,3;rØJB+$G]7O٭V$ !)O^rC$y@/yH*񄴽)޵߻UDb`}"qۋJחX^)I`nEp)liV[]1M<OP6r=zgbIguSebORD۫qu gZo~ٺlAplxpT0+[}`jzAV2Fi@qv֬5\|ʜ̭NleXdsjcs7f W+Ն7`g ȘJj|h(KD- dXiJ؇(x$( :;˹! 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